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Von der empirisch psychoanalytischen Prozess- und Ergebnisforschung zur klinischen Praxis

De l'étude psychanalytique et empirique des processus et des résultats à la pratique clinique

From empirical psychoanalytic research and outcome studies to the clinical practice

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Psychotherapie Forum Aims and scope

Summary

The impact of findings gained in empirical psychoanalytic research and outcome studies on the psychotherapeutic treatment is reported. The importance of the empirical psychoanalytic research for the treatment of patients with personality disorders is shown in different naturalistic efficacy studies. Interpretation of the dominating affect and of the transference-relationship-dyad could be confirmed as essential for the treatment progress. The empirical studies point at the necessity of interpreting affect-regulatory parameters, such as the hostile-externalizing-dysphoric parameter, from the very beginning of the treatment on. Acknowledgement and recognition of externalizing and projective mechanisms should be trained in the psychotherapeutic routine treatment in order to establish a stable working alliance with the patient. The assessment of counter-transference as an additional parameter for evaluation of psychoanalytic process is focused and a model for evaluation ("notation") of psychotherapeutic treatments is reported.

Zusammenfassung

Für die psychotherapeutische Behandlungspraxis lassen sich aus der empirisch-psychoanalytischen Psychotherapieforschung handlungsrelevante Fertigkeiten ableiten. Am Beispiel unterschiedlicher Studien (Therapie-Inanspruchnahme nach Erstgesprächen, zum Prozessverlauf von psychoanalytischen Behandlungen, Anwendungsuntersuchungen in der Routinepraxis) wird die Relevanz dieser Forschungsergebnisse für die Behandlung von Persönlichkeitsstörungen erläutert, und die praktische Bedeutung für Behandlungstechnik, Evaluierung und Praxis abgeleitet. Die in empirischen Studien belegte Wirksamkeit der Deutung des dominanten Affekts und der Übertragungsinteraktion bereits am Beginn von psychotherapeutischen Behandlungen verlangt vor allem die Bearbeitung von Affektregulationsparametern, wie etwa den Parameter des feindseligexternalisierend-dysphorischen Verhaltens. Aus psychoanalytischen Forschungsergebnissen wird die Wichtigkeit der Wahrnehmung und Bearbeitung externalisierender, projektiver Mechanismen für die erfolgreiche Behandlung in der Routinepraxis, für ein stabiles Arbeitsbündnis und eine tragfähige Beziehungsgestaltung zum Patienten1 abgeleitet. Als zusätzlicher Evaluierungsparameter des psychoanalytischen Prozesses wird die begleitende Erfassung der Gegenübertragung thematisiert und ein praxisrelevantes Modell der Evaluierung ("Notation") von Psychotherapien vorgestellt.

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Correspondence to Henriette Löffler-Stastka.

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Löffler-Stastka, H. Von der empirisch psychoanalytischen Prozess- und Ergebnisforschung zur klinischen Praxis. Psychotherapie Forum 17, 21–28 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00729-009-0276-3

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